Cats may get all the glory in ancient Egypt, but dogs held a special place in the hearts (and homes) of pharaohs and commoners alike. From loyal companions to hunting partners and divine guardians, these furry friends played a diverse and fascinating role in this ancient civilization.
While cats might have taken the spotlight, dog ownership in Egypt goes back a staggering 30,000 years, even predating agriculture! These early companions, likely descended from wolves, weren’t just furry friends; they were essential members of hunter-gatherer communities.
Walking with Wolves (and Pharaohs):
Tomb paintings from as early as 6,000 years ago showcase leashed dogs accompanying their human counterparts. By the Early Dynastic Period, Egyptians boasted a diverse canine crew, including Basenjis, Greyhounds, Salukis, and even Molossian breeds similar to modern Mastiffs. These pups weren’t just lounging around the palace; they were herding cattle, assisting in hunts, and even guarding tombs.
Breeds of the Nile:
Ancient Egypt boasted a veritable smorgasbord of canine breeds. Basenjis, nicknamed “the dog of the villagers,” were common household companions known for their intelligence and distinctive yodeling vocalizations. Sighthounds like Greyhounds and Salukis were prized for their hunting prowess, often gracing tomb walls alongside victorious pharaohs. Even smaller sighthounds, similar to Whippets, found their place in Egyptian society.
Anubis
Anubis, the jackal-headed god of the afterlife, held a special place in Egyptian hearts. Dogs were sacrificed to him, and their mummified remains have been found alongside human burials. But not all dogs faced such a fate. Hunting dogs, guard dogs, and even military dogs lived fulfilling lives alongside their human families. Some pharaohs even went the extra mile, ensuring their beloved pups received elaborate burials worthy of royalty.
Canine Camaraderie:
Beyond their practical uses, dogs were cherished companions in ancient Egypt. Egyptian dog collars have been found inscribed with names like “Reliable” and “Lion of the Battlefield,” hinting at the deep bonds between humans and their furry friends. When beloved dogs passed away, families mourned them openly, just as they would a human family member.
The canine connection in ancient Egypt wasn’t just heartwarming; it was deeply ingrained in their mythology and culture. Anubis, the protector of the dead, stood as a testament to the respect and reverence Egyptians held for dogs. Even today, the legacy of these ancient pups lives on, reminding us of the enduring bond between humans and their best friends.
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